JSON-LD ships Schema.org markup in a `<script type="application/ld+json">` tag. Unlike microdata or RDFa, it doesn't wrap visible HTML — it sits alongside it, which is why it's trivially maintainable by a component-based site.
AI retrievers parse JSON-LD first because it's deterministic: one file = one entity graph. The rule of thumb for commerce: Organization on every page, Product on every PDP, FAQPage on every content page with ≥3 questions, BreadcrumbList on every non-root page.